A 15-year-old girl reporting cyclic symptoms related to her menstrual cycle is likely diagnosed with which condition?

The diagnosis of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is indicated in this scenario due to the cyclic nature of the symptoms that correlate with the patient's menstrual cycle. PMS is characterized by a range of emotional and physical symptoms that occur in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and typically resolve shortly after menstruation begins. Symptoms can include mood swings, irritability, depression, anxiety, and physical symptoms such as bloating and breast tenderness.

This condition is distinct from chronic abdominal pain disorder, which may present with ongoing pain not directly linked to the menstrual cycle. Oppositional defiant disorder primarily involves patterns of angry or irritable mood, argumentative behavior, and vindictiveness, and is not specifically related to menstrual cycles. Major depressive disorder can occur in adolescents but would typically present with more persistent symptoms that are not strictly linked to the menstrual cycle as seen in PMS.

Overall, the cyclic occurrence of symptoms in relation to the menstrual cycle uniquely supports a diagnosis of premenstrual syndrome.