A child presents with poor social interaction and specific interests. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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The most likely diagnosis for a child presenting with poor social interaction and specific interests is Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This condition is characterized by difficulties in social communication and interaction, as well as restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior or interests. The mention of poor social interaction aligns with one of the core features of ASD, which often includes challenges in understanding social cues, initiating conversations, or forming relationships with peers. Additionally, the child's specific interests could refer to intense focus on particular topics or activities, which is also a common behavior seen in individuals with autism.

In contrast, other conditions listed have different key characteristics. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) primarily involves symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, without the specific social interaction deficits or repetitive behaviors that are indicative of autism. Social anxiety disorder is characterized by extreme fear of social situations, leading to avoidance behavior, but does not inherently involve the restricted interests typical of autism. Lastly, language delay refers to difficulties in speaking and understanding language but does not directly address the broader range of social interaction difficulties and specific interests observable in autism. Thus, the combination of poor social interaction and specific interests points most directly to a diagnosis of autism.

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