In which phase of the menstrual cycle does premenstrual syndrome typically occur?

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) typically occurs during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The luteal phase follows ovulation and is characterized by the secretion of progesterone from the corpus luteum. It usually lasts about 14 days and ends with the onset of menstruation.

During this phase, hormonal fluctuations can lead to a variety of physical and emotional symptoms associated with PMS, such as mood swings, irritability, bloating, and breast tenderness. These symptoms are believed to be influenced by the dropping levels of estrogen and progesterone that occur just before menstruation begins. Understanding the timing and hormonal changes of the luteal phase is crucial for recognizing and diagnosing PMS and developing effective management strategies.

The other phases—follicular, ovulatory, and menstrual—do not typically correspond with the onset of PMS symptoms, as they either occur before ovulation or during the time of menstruation itself, when hormone levels stabilize or are at their lowest.