What is the mainstay of treatment for panic disorder?

The mainstay of treatment for panic disorder is the use of SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors). This class of antidepressants is effective in alleviating symptoms of panic disorder and is commonly prescribed due to their favorable side effect profile and safety in comparison to other pharmacological treatments. SSRIs work by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, which can help reduce anxiety and prevent panic attacks.

In addition to pharmacotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is also an effective option, particularly for those who prefer a non-pharmaceutical approach or who have not responded to medications. While short-term use of benzodiazepines may provide immediate symptom relief for acute anxiety, they are not considered a long-term solution due to risks of dependence and tolerance. Long-term therapy with beta-blockers is typically used for performance anxiety and is not the primary treatment for panic disorder, as they do not address the underlying anxiety issues effectively. Therefore, the use of SSRIs stands out as the fundamental approach in managing panic disorder.